Oil prices rose amid OPEC-led supply cuts and U.S. sanctions against Iran and Venezuela, although analysts expect surging U.S. output and concerns over economic growth to keep markets in check.
U.S. West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil futures were at 52.69 dollars per barrel at 0751 GMT, up 28 cents, or 0.5 per cent, from their last close.
Traders said the ongoing closure of parts of the Keystone pipeline that brings Canadian oil into the United States also helped prop up WTI.
International Brent crude futures were up 38 cents, or 0.6 per cent, at 61.89 dollars per barrel.
Analysts said markets are tightening amid voluntary production cuts led by the OPEC and because of U.S. sanctions on Venezuela and Iran.
But some said supply-side risks were not receiving enough focus.
“We believe that oil is not pricing in supply-side risks lately as markets are currently focused on U.S.-China trade talks, ignoring the risks currently in place from the loss of Venezuelan barrels,” U.S. bank J.P. Morgan said in a weekly note.
Should U.S.-China talks to end trade disputes between the two nations have a positive outcome, the bank said oil markets would “switch attention from macro concerns impacting future demand growth to physical tightness and geopolitical risks impacting immediate supply”.
With OPEC engaged in supply management and the Middle East entangled in conflicts while production outside the group surges, Bank of America Merrill Lynch said OPEC’s global market share would fall as its outright output drops to 29 million barrels per day (bpd) in 2024 from 31.9 million bpd in 2018.
Growing U.S. supply and a potential economic slowdown this year could also cap oil markets.
“The worries of oversupply stemming from the U.S. will likely remain a dominant theme as we approach the warmer months,” said Edward Moya, market analyst at futures brokerage OANDA.
Traders are bracing for increasing supplies at Cushing, Oklahoma, the delivery point for benchmark U.S. crude futures, as refinery outages could create a supply backlog that will add to inventories that are already at the highest in more than a year.
U.S. bank Morgan Stanley said the surge in U.S. crude oil production, which tends to be light in quality and which rose by more than 2 million barrels per day (bpd) last year to a record 11.9 million bpd, had resulted in overproduction of gasoline.
“Light crude naturally yield more gasoline, and together with relatively modest demand-growth, this has driven gasoline stocks sharply higher and crack spreads sharply lower in recent months,” Morgan Stanley said.
Refining profits for gasoline have plunged since mid-2018, going negative in Asia and Europe, amid tepid demand growth and a surge in supply.
As a result, Morgan Stanley said “low refining margins and weaker economic data means oil prices can rally only so much (and) we continue to see modest upside for Brent to 65 dollars per barrel in the second-half (of 2019)”.
Bank of America also warned of “a significant slowing in growth globally”, adding that it expected Brent and WTI to average 70 dollars per barrel and 59 dollars per barrel respectively in 2019, and 65 dollars per barrel and 60 dollars per barrel in 2020.