Extreme air pollution, not harmattan, threatens public health, EPA warns

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued a critical alert regarding the current atmospheric conditions across Nigeria, clarifying that the change in weather mistakenly attributed to harmattan is, in fact, an extreme form of air pollution.

The agency warns of severe health risks, urging citizens to adopt protective measures to safeguard their well-being.

According to the EPA, prolonged exposure to the present air quality can lead to various health complications, including:

Reduced Lung Function: Prolonged exposure compromises breathing efficiency.

Respiratory Infections: Increased susceptibility to illnesses like bronchitis and pneumonia.

Inflammation: Airborne pollutants can trigger inflammatory responses in the respiratory system.

Oxidative Stress: An imbalance in antioxidants, which may exacerbate cellular damage and weaken immunity.

Dr. Abiola Adeyemi, a public health expert, noted that “these pollutants, including fine particulate matter (PM2.5), are among the most harmful to human health, as they penetrate deep into the lungs and bloodstream, leading to chronic respiratory and cardiovascular conditions.”

To mitigate health risks, the EPA recommends the following precautions:

Wear Masks: Properly fitting nose masks can filter out harmful particles.

Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water helps flush out toxins.

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Cover Food and Water: Prevent dust and pollutants from contaminating consumables.

Wash Fruits Thoroughly: Ensure fruits and vegetables are cleaned to remove surface pollutants.

Limit Outdoor Activities: Stay indoors whenever possible to reduce exposure.

Dr. Ifeoma Okonkwo, an environmental scientist, emphasized the importance of adherence, stating, “Air pollution has far-reaching impacts on health, particularly for vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions. Precautionary measures are not just recommendations but lifesaving practices.”

The EPA cautioned that this condition could persist for an extended period, given the combination of industrial emissions, urban activities, and climate factors exacerbating air quality issues.

Experts also link this crisis to insufficient regulatory enforcement and the lack of green initiatives to curb pollution levels.

Environmental activist Ayodele Omotayo called for urgent government intervention, stressing, “This situation highlights the need for stricter air quality controls and public education on pollution sources. Investments in clean energy and sustainable urban planning are crucial to mitigating future crises.”

The EPA is urging citizens to stay informed and proactive, emphasizing community-level efforts to spread awareness about the dangers of polluted air.

“This is not just a public health issue but a wake-up call for environmental accountability,” Omotayo added.