NCC pushes satellite direct-to-device connectivity to bridge Nigeria’s 23m coverage gap

The Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) has proposed the adoption of Satellite Direct-to-Device (D2D) connectivity as a strategic solution to address persistent mobile coverage gaps affecting an estimated 23.3 million Nigerians who remain underserved by terrestrial networks.

The regulator disclosed its position in a consultation paper published on its website, outlining the rationale for embracing satellite-enabled direct mobile connectivity as part of the nation’s drive toward universal access.

According to the NCC, the decision is informed by findings from national connectivity assessments, evolving technology trends, and the limitations of relying solely on terrestrial infrastructure to achieve nationwide coverage.

Advances in satellite and non-terrestrial network technologies now enable mobile devices to connect directly to satellites, offering new opportunities to extend coverage and improve service continuity in hard-to-reach areas.

The regulator explained that its support for D2D services aligns with its statutory responsibility to ensure accessible, reliable, and efficient communications services across Nigeria.

“Findings from the Commission’s 2024 cluster gap study conducted by the Universal Service Provision Fund (USPF), which identified 87 clusters affecting approximately 23.37 million people, highlight areas where connectivity challenges persist and where multiple solutions may be relevant,” the NCC said in the consultation paper.

The NCC emphasised that achieving national connectivity objectives will likely require a combination of approaches, deployed according to specific use cases, locations, and operational conditions rather than reliance on a single network model.

To ensure a balanced and sustainable implementation, the NCC has launched a stakeholder consultation aimed at gathering evidence-based input on potential use cases, benefits, risks, and public interest considerations associated with D2D services in Nigeria.

The consultation, which began on January 12, 2026, is intended to collect views on suitable technologies and network architectures, expected performance characteristics, and deployment considerations.

The regulator also seeks stakeholder feedback to inform its assessment of potential spectrum demand, coexistence, and authorisation requirements ahead of establishing a regulatory framework for Satellite D2D connectivity.

The consultation paper builds on earlier policy signals indicating a stronger role for satellite services in Nigeria’s communications strategy.

READ ALSO: NCC engages PwC to conduct comprehensive competition review of Nigeria’s telecoms sector

In December, the NCC signalled a major policy shift toward satellite-powered mobile connectivity, positioning Direct-to-Device services as a key technology for expanding coverage between 2025 and 2030, as outlined in the draft Spectrum Roadmap for the Communications Sector (2025–2030).

The move came shortly after Airtel Africa announced a strategic agreement with SpaceX to deliver Starlink-powered direct-to-cell services in Nigeria and other Airtel operating markets.

The NCC’s roadmap positions non-terrestrial networks as a critical complement to traditional mobile infrastructure in a country where geography, security challenges, and high deployment costs have left millions underserved.

Satellite D2D connectivity is attracting regulatory attention globally as technology blurs the line between satellite and mobile services.

The NCC said it is aligning with international developments, including ongoing studies at the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) ahead of the World Radiocommunication Conference 2027, which is examining potential new spectrum allocations to enable direct connectivity between satellites and standard mobile devices.

As Nigeria explores this new frontier, the NCC’s consultation is expected to shape a regulatory framework that balances innovation, competition, consumer protection, and national connectivity goals.